Journal Guide

The Institution of Engineers, Singapore (IES), is the premier engineering institute in Singapore and is an advisor to the Singapore Government on professional engineering matters.The IES Journal Part A: Civil & Structural Engineering provides a forum for the publication and rapid dissemination of original research and developments in civil and structural engineering. Papers cover a wide range of structural, geotechnical, water resources, environmental, and infrastructure engineering, including mathematical formulations, novel methods and solutions in construction techniques, experimental investigations and practical applications. State-of-the-art surveys, technical notes and discussions offer a focused, vibrant and timely communication tool for researchers and consultants. Drawing on the international resources of the Institution, the Journal maintains an international outlook whilst having a strong focus on primary research and development works from Asia.All articles published in The IES Journal Part A: Civil & Structural Engineering have undergone rigorous peer review, based on initial editor screening and anonymous refereeing by independent expert referees.STARTaylor & Francis/Routledge are committed to the widest possible dissemination of its journals to non-profit institutions in developing countries. Our STAR initiative offers individual researchers in Africa, South Asia and many parts of South East Asia the opportunity to gain one month's free online access to 1,300 Taylor & Francis journals. For more information, please visit the STAR website. Disclaimer The Institute of Engineers, Singapore and Taylor & Francis make every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the 8220;Content8221;) contained in its publications. However, the Institute and Taylor & Francis and its agents and licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness or suitability for any purpose of the Content and disclaim all such representations and warranties whether express or implied to the maximum extent permitted by law. Any views expressed in this publication are the views of the authors and are not necessarily the views of the Editor, the Institute or Taylor & Francis.

The field of biometric recognition - automated recognition of individuals based on their behavioural and biological characteristics - has reached a level of maturity where viable practical applications are both possible and increasingly available. Since the engineering of effective biometric systems requires integration of image analysis, pattern recognition, sensor technology, database engineering, security design and many other strands of understanding, the technological focus of the journal is diverse. IET Biometrics has a wide scope to account for the interdisciplinary nature of the field. While focusing on the core technological issues it also encompasses human factors, data security and database technologies, and takes into consideration the associated psychological and physiological issues. IET Biometrics includes papers that increase our understanding of biometric systems, signal future developments and applications for biometrics, and/or promote greater practical uptake for relevant technologies. Some of the topics covered include: • Development and enhancement of individual biometric modalities including established and traditional modalities (e.g. face, fingerprint, iris, signature and handwriting recognition) and also newer or emerging modalities (gait, ear-shape, and neurological patterns) • Multibiometrics, theoretical and practical issues, implementation of practical systems, multiclassifier and multimodal approaches • Soft biometrics and information fusion for identification, verification and trait prediction • Human factors and the human–computer interface issues for biometric systems, exception handling strategies • Position papers on technology or on the industrial context of biometric system development • Adoption and promotion of standards in biometrics, improving technology acceptance, deployment and interoperability, avoiding cross-cultural and cross-sector restrictions • Relevant ethical and social issues

IET Circuits, Devices & Systems covers all aspects of circuit theory, design and implementation including current research in nanoelectronics and MEMs. IET Circuits, Devices & Systems covers: • Circuit theory and design, circuit analysis and simulation, computer aided design • Filters (analogue and switched capacitor) • Circuit implementations, cells and architectures for integration including VLSI • Testability, fault tolerant design, minimisation of circuits and CAD for VLSI • Novel or improved electronic devices for both traditional and emerging technologies including nanoelectronics and MEMs, device and process characterisation, device parameter extraction schemes • Mathematics of circuits and systems theory • Test and measurement techniques involving electronic circuits, circuits for industrial applications, sensors and transducers

lET Communications covers the theory and practice of systems, networks and applications involving line, mobile radio, satellite and optical technologies for telecommunications, and internet and multimedia communications. Topics include: • Coding and communication theory • Modulation and signal design • Applications of signal processing, equalisation, coding, error detection and error correction • Video-telephony, videoconferencing and multimedia communications • Optical communications, services and applications • Fading channel, mobile systems, wireless transmission, services and applications • Indoor communications, WPAN and WLANi cross layer design

IET Computer Vision publishes original research papers in a wide range of areas of electronic visual interpretation and recognition, including reconstruction of 3D depth information, estimation of object motion, attribute-based recognition, and high-level scene understanding. It publishes the most relevant and topical research in its field, explores new horizons, and aims to set the agenda for future research in computer vision. Some of the topics covered are: • Biologically and perceptually motivated approaches to low level vision (e.g. feature detection) • Object recognition • Image understanding • Motion analysis and object tracking • Control in vision systems

IET Computers & Digital Techniques publishes technical papers on recent research and development work in all aspects of digital system-on-chip design and test of electronic and embedded systems, including the development of design automation tools (methodologies, algorithms and architectures). It also publishes papers based on the problems associated with the scaling down of CMOS technology. The key subject areas covered include: • Design: Hardware description languages, high-level and architectural synthesis, hardware/software co-design, platform-based design, system-on-chip architectures and IP cores, embedded systems, logic synthesis, low-power design and power optimisation • Verification: Electrical and timing simulation, hardware/software co-simulation, mixed-domain technology modelling and simulation, power analysis and estimation, interconnect modelling and signal integrity analysis • Test: Design-for-testability, embedded core testing, system-on-chip testing, on-line testing, test quality and reliability, microprocessor testing, low-power testing, fault modelling and fault tolerance, automatic test generation and delay testing • Processor and system architectures: General-purpose and application specific processors, computational arithmetic for DSP applications, arithmetic and logic units, cache memories, memory management, co-processors and accelerators, systems and networks on chip, embedded cores, platforms, multiprocessors, distributed systems, communication protocols and low-power issues • Configurable computing: Embedded cores, FPGAs, rapid prototyping, adaptive computing, evolvable and reconfigurable hardware • Case studies: State-of-the-art CAD/EDA tools, applications in industrial designs, and design frameworks

IET Control Theory & Applications is dedicated to control systems in the broadest sense, and publishes theoretical papers which discuss the applications of new and established control methods. Most of its papers represent original research from industrial and government laboratories and universities. However it also covers subject reviews and tutorial expositions of current methods and correspondence discussing published papers. Topics covered include system modelling, identification and simulation, the analysis and design of control systems (including computer-aided design), and practical implementation. The scope encompasses technological, economic, physiological (biomedical) and other systems, including man–machine interfaces.

IET Cyber-Physical Systems: Theory & Applications is a fully gold open access journal that aims to attract original research and survey articles dedicated to methodologies, techniques and tools for the design, implementation and operation of cyber-physical systems, including associated security and privacy issues and data analytics techniques.

ET Cyber-systems and Robotics is a gold Open Access journal that publishes novel research and original survey articles in the broad areas of cyber-systems and robotics, which emphasizes all kinds of artificial intelligent systems (AIS) enabled by advanced electronics and modern information technologies. The journal provides a forum for multi-disciplinary research of cybernetics and robotics to reflect the most recent evolution of Weiner’s Cybernetics in an information-rich world.

IET Electric Power Applications publishes papers of a high technical standard with a suitable balance of practice and theory. The scope covers a wide range of applications and apparatus in the power field. In addition to papers focusing on the design and development of electrical equipment, it also publishes analytical papers where the arguments are conveyed succinctly and the conclusions are clear. IET Electric Power Applications covers topics including: • The design and analysis of motors and generators of all sizes • Rotating electrical machines • Linear machines • Actuators • Power transformers • Railway traction machines and drives • Machines and drives for electrically powered vehicles

IET Electrical Systems in Transportation covers all aspects of electrical power systems in modern transport applications including generation, storage, distribution and utilisation. IET Electrical Systems in Transportation’s coverage extends to all sectors of transportation: aerospace, marine (including sub-sea), automotive or land-based and rail. The central theme focuses on the system and sub-system aspects of electrical energy including system architectures and integration, energy management, control and protection. • Energy sources: Batteries, fuel cells, generators • Energy storage: Capacitors, flywheels, SMES • Energy management: Control, protection, condition-monitoring, fault-tolerance and re-configuration • System architectures and integration issues • Energy distribution: Cabling, connectors, switchgear • Electro-mechanical energy conversion: Motors, actuation systems • Starter/generator systems • Aerospace electrical technologies: Civil, defence, UAVs • Electric/fuel cell/hybrid vehicles • Marine propulsion, drives and power systems: Ships, submarines, submersibles • Automotive systems • Railway systems: Overground, underground, light-rail, tram

IET Energy Systems Integration is a Gold Open Access multi-disciplinary journal that covers the integration of multiple energy systems (e.g. electricity, nature gas, heating, cooling, hydrogen, and low-carbon transport), at various scales (from multinational, national, community scale down to building level) and across the energy supply chain (from energy conversion, transmission, distribution down to consumption). The journal publishes original research findings, the latest perspectives from research projects and technology development, and systematic reviews in the field of energy systems integration.

IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution provides a forum for the publication and discussion of current best practice and future developments in electric power generation, transmission and distribution. IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution includes papers on: • Design of transmission and distribution plants • Operation and control of power generation • Power system management and planning • Power system operation and control • Power system measurement and correction • Computer applications and computational intelligence in power flexible AC transmission systems

The IET Image Processing journal encompasses research related to the generation, processing and communication of visual information. The focus of the journal is the coverage of the latest research results in image and video processing, including image generation and display, enhancement and restoration, segmentation, colour and texture analysis, coding and communication, implementations and architectures as well as innovative applications. Principal topics include: • Generation and Display: Imaging sensors and acquisition systems, illumination, sampling and scanning, quantisation, colour reproduction, image rendering, display and printing systems, evaluation of image quality • Processing and Analysis: Image enhancement, restoration, segmentation, registration, multispectral, colour and texture processing, multiresolution processing and wavelets, morphological operations, stereoscopic and 3-D processing, motion detection and estimation, video and image sequence processing • Implementations and Architectures: Image and video processing hardware and software, design and construction, architectures and software, neural, adaptive, and fuzzy processing • Coding and Transmission: Image and video compression and coding, compression standards, noise modelling, visual information networks, streamed video • Retrieval and Multimedia: Storage of images and video, database design, image retrieval, video annotation and editing, mixed media incorporating visual information, multimedia systems and applications, image and video watermarking, steganography • Applications: Innovative application of image and video processing technologies to any field, including life sciences, earth sciences, astronomy, document processing and security

IET Information Security publishes original, peer-reviewed, research papers in information security and cryptography. Information security is a multidisciplinary field that spans the very broad area of computer security, modern cryptography, and the electronic aspects of hardware security. The aim of the journal is to bring together papers from all disciplines contributing to information security. Some of the topics covered by this journal are: access control and database security; block ciphers and hash functions; financial cryptography; economic aspects of information security; key management and secret sharing; malware; peer-to-peer security; quantum cryptography; secure electronic commerce; and watermarking and fingerprinting.

IET Intelligent Transport Systems is an interdisciplinary journal devoted to research into the practical applications of ITS and infrastructures. This journal covers many topics including the following: • Information collection and processing • In-vehicle ITS, safety and vulnerable road user aspects • ITS aspects of electric vehicles • Public transport • Demand management and electronic payment systems • Traffic management • Fleet and public transport logistics • Emergency and incident management • Policy and institutional issues • Interoperability, standards and architectures • Deployment and evaluation • Sustainability and environmental issues • Funding scenarios • Enforcement • Human machine interaction • Education, training and outreach • Deployments with enabling technologies

IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation comprehensively covers microwave and RF circuits, microwave and millimetre wave amplifiers, oscillators, switches, mixers and other components. Topics covered include: • Microwave circuits: RF, microwave and millimetre wave amplifiers, oscillators, switches, mixers and other components implemented in monolithic, hybrid, multi-chip module and other technologies. Papers on passive components may describe transmission-line and waveguide components, including filters, multiplexers, resonators, ferrite and garnet devices. Papers also cover microwave sub-systems for use in communications, radar, aerospace, instrumentation, and industrial and medical applications • Antenna topics include: antennas for operation at all frequencies, multiband antennas, antenna measurement techniques and systems, antenna analysis and design, aperture antenna arrays, adaptive antennas, printed and wire antennas, microstrip and integrated antenna • Propagation topics include: radiowave propagation at all frequencies and Environments